Bonobos predisposed to show sensitivity to others

Jan. 30, 2013 ? Comforting a friend or relative in distress may be a more hard-wired behavior than previously thought, according to a new study of bonobos, which are great apes known for their empathy and close relation to humans and chimpanzees. This finding provides key evolutionary insight into how critical social skills may develop in humans.

The results are published in the online journal PLOS ONE.

Researchers from the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, observed juvenile bonobos at the Lola ya Bonobo sanctuary in the Democratic Republic of Congo engaging in consolation behavior more than their adult counterparts. Juvenile bonobos (ages 3 to 7) are equivalent to preschool or elementary school-aged children.

Zanna Clay, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in Emory's Department of Psychology, and Frans de Waal, PhD, director of the Living Links Center at Yerkes and C.H. Candler Professor of Psychology at Emory, led the study.

"Our findings suggest that for bonobos, sensitivity to the emotions of others emerges early and does not require advanced thought processes that develop only in adults," Clay says.

Starting at around age two, human children usually display consolation behavior, a sign of sensitivity to the emotions of others and the ability to take the perspective of another. Consolation has been observed in humans, bonobos, chimpanzees and other animals, including dogs, elephants and some types of birds, but has not been seen in monkeys.

At the Lola ya Bonobo sanctuary, most bonobos come as juvenile or infant orphans because their parents are killed for meat or captured as pets. A minority of bonobos in the sanctuary is second generation and raised by their biological mothers. The researchers found bonobos raised by their own mothers were more likely to comfort others compared to orphaned bonobos. This may indicate early life stress interferes with development of consolation behavior, while a stable parental relationship encourages it, Clay says.

Clay observed more than 350 conflicts between bonobos at the sanctuary during several months. Some conflicts involved violence, such as hitting, pushing or grabbing, while others only involved threats or chasing. Consolation occurred when a third bonobo -- usually one that was close to the scene of conflict -- comforted one of the parties in the conflict.

Consolation behavior includes hugs, grooming and sometimes sexual behavior. Consolation appears to lower stress in the recipient, based on a reduction in the recipient's rates of self-scratching and self-grooming, the authors write.

"We found strong effects of friendship and kinship, with bonobos being more likely to comfort those they are emotionally close to," Clay says. "This is consistent with the idea that empathy and emotional sensitivity contribute to consolation behavior."

In future research, Clay plans to take a closer look at the emergence of consolation behavior in bonobos at early ages. A process that may facilitate development of consolation behavior is when older bonobos use younger ones as teddy bears; their passive participation may get the younger bonobos used to the idea, she says.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Emory University, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Zanna Clay, Frans B. M. de Waal. Bonobos Respond to Distress in Others: Consolation across the Age Spectrum. PLoS ONE, 2013; 8 (1): e55206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055206

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/w6qi_0b5ByE/130130184316.htm

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High-tech cargo airship being built in California

The Aeroscraft airship, a high-tech prototype airship, is seen in a World War II-era hangar in Tustin, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 24, 2013. Work is almost done on a 230-foot rigid airship inside a blimp hangar at a former military base in Orange Co. The huge cargo-carrying airship is has shiny aluminum skin and a rigid, 230-foot aluminum and carbon fiber skeleton. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

The Aeroscraft airship, a high-tech prototype airship, is seen in a World War II-era hangar in Tustin, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 24, 2013. Work is almost done on a 230-foot rigid airship inside a blimp hangar at a former military base in Orange Co. The huge cargo-carrying airship is has shiny aluminum skin and a rigid, 230-foot aluminum and carbon fiber skeleton. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

Leonel Cruz pulls down the flab on the Aeroscraft airship, a high-tech prototype airship, in a World War II-era hangar in Tustin, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 24, 2013. Work is almost done on a 230-foot rigid airship inside a blimp hangar at a former military base in Orange Co. The huge cargo-carrying airship is has shiny aluminum skin and a rigid, 230-foot aluminum and carbon fiber skeleton. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

The Aeroscraft airship, a high-tech prototype airship, is seen in a World War II-era hangar in Tustin, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 24, 2013. Work is almost done on a 230-foot rigid airship inside a blimp hangar at a former military base in Orange Co. The huge cargo-carrying airship is has shiny aluminum skin and a rigid, 230-foot aluminum and carbon fiber skeleton. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

Bradley Hasemeyer, the host of AOL's Trasnlogic show, uses his smartphone to photograph the Aeroscraft airship, a high-tech prototype airship, outside a World War II-era hangar in Tustin, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 24, 2013. Work is almost done on a 230-foot rigid airship inside the blimp hangar at a former military base in Orange Co. The huge cargo-carrying airship is has shiny aluminum skin and a rigid, 230-foot aluminum and carbon fiber skeleton. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

The Aeroscraft airship, a high-tech prototype airship, is seen in a World War II-era hangar in Tustin, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 24, 2013. Work is almost done on a 230-foot rigid airship inside a blimp hangar at a former military base in Orange Co. The huge cargo-carrying airship is has shiny aluminum skin and a rigid, 230-foot aluminum and carbon fiber skeleton. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

TUSTIN, Calif. (AP) ? The massive blimp-like aircraft flies but just barely, hovering only a dozen feet off a military hangar floor during flight testing south of Los Angeles.

Still, the fact that the hulking 230-foot-long Aeroscraft could fly for just a few minutes represents a step forward in aviation, according to the engineers who developed it. The Department of Defense and NASA have invested $35 million in the prototype because of its potential to one day carry more cargo than any other aircraft to disaster zones and forward military bases.

"I realized that I put a little dot in the line of aviation history. A little dot for something that has never been demonstrated before, now it's feasible," said flight control engineer Munir Jojo-Verge.

The airship is undergoing testing this month at Marine Corps Air Station in Tustin, and must go through several more rounds of flight testing before it could be used in a disaster zone or anywhere else. The first major flight test took place Jan. 3.

The biggest challenge for engineers is making sure the airship will be able to withstand high winds and other extreme weather conditions, Jojo-Verge said.

"Their vulnerability is their large size," said aviation expert and former Navy test pilot Pete Field. "There's a lot of surface area so wind affects it tremendously."

Worldwide Aeros, the company that developed the aircraft, said it also must secure more funding for the next round of flight tests, but is hopeful the Defense Department and others will step in again as investors.

The company says the cargo airship's potential to carry more cargo more efficiently than ever before would provide the U.S. military with an advantage on the battlefield and greater capacity to save more lives during natural disasters.

The lighter-than-air vehicle is not a blimp because it has a rigid structure made out of ultra-light carbon fiber and aluminum underneath its high-tech Mylar skin. Inside, balloons hold the helium that gives the vehicle lift. Unlike hydrogen, the gas used in the Hindenburg airship that crashed in 1937, helium is not flammable.

The airship functions like a submarine, releasing air to rise and taking in air to descend, said Aeros mechanical engineer Tim Kenny. It can take off vertically, like a helicopter, then change its buoyancy to become heavier than air for landing and unloading.

"It allows the vehicle to set down on the ground. And then when we want to become lighter than air, we release that air and then the vehicle floats and we can allow it to take off," Kenny said.

In the early 1930s, the Navy operated two airships ? the Macon and the Akron ? as flying aircraft carriers that could launch and retrieve biplanes. Both were lost to thunderstorms.

If the design team can make the Aeroscraft steady and maneuverable, it would be the ultimate logistics and transport vehicle, carrying tanks, equipment and supplies to bases around the world, Field said.

"I don't think there's much doubt about whether it's going to work or not. It's physics," he said. "In the right atmospheric conditions, it would be ideal."

The project has set abuzz the old hangars at the Marine Corps Air Station in Tustin. The structures were built to hold blimps during World War II. Now workers zip around in cherry-pickers, and the airship's silvery surface shines against the warm tones of the aging wood of the walls.

"You could take this vehicle and go to destinations that have been destroyed, where there's no ports, no runways, stuff like that. This vehicle could go in there, offload the cargo even if there's no infrastructure, no landing site for it to land on, this vehicle can unload its whole payload," said Kenny.

The prototype isn't intended to carry cargo, though a similar-sized craft could haul about 30 tons. Aeros wants to build a full-size 450-foot-long vehicle that can carry 66 tons of payload.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2013-01-30-Military%20Airship/id-b3601c39e97d49c797cc856e76a42ea3

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Trash Talkin? Tuesday

Trash Talkin’ Tuesday

Amy Poehler Writing the Greatest Book on the Planet?[The Frisky] Kris Jenner to Launch Talk Show This Summer?[HollyWire] Steve Burton Joins Young and the Restless?[Right Celebrity] Drew Barrymore to Raise Her Daughter Jewish?[The Celebrity Cafe] Sofia Vergara Calls Herself a Hooker??[The Blemish] Kate Upton Scores Sam Edelman Campaign?[The Huffington Post] Tina Fey Working on ‘Mean ...

Trash Talkin’ Tuesday Stupid Celebrities Gossip Stupid Celebrities Gossip News

Source: http://stupidcelebrities.net/2013/01/trash-talkin-tuesday-80/

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Researchers develop model for identifying habitable zones around star

Jan. 30, 2013 ? Researchers searching the galaxy for planets that could pass the litmus test of sustaining water-based life must find whether those planets fall in a habitable zone, where they could be capable of having liquid water and sustaining life. New work, led by a team of Penn State researchers, will help scientists in that search.

Using the latest data, the Penn State Department of Geosciences team has developed an updated model for determining whether discovered planets fall within a habitable zone. The work builds on a prior model by James Kasting, Evan Pugh Professor of Geosciences at Penn State, to offer a more precise calculation of where habitable zones around a star can be found.

Comparing the new estimates with the previous model, the team found that habitable zones are actually farther away from the stars than previously thought.

"This has implications for finding other planets with life on them," said post-doctoral researcher Ravi kumar Kopparapu, a lead investigator on the study, which will be published described in Astrophysical Journal.

For the paper, Kopparapu and graduate student Ramses Ramirez used updated absorption databases of greenhouse gases (HITRAN and HITEMP). The databases have more accurate information on water and carbon dioxide than previously was available and allowed the research team to build new estimates from the groundbreaking model Kasting created 20 years ago for other stars.

Using that data and super computers at Penn State and the University of Washington, the team was able to calculate habitable zones around other stars. In the previous model, water and carbon dioxide were not being absorbed as strongly, so the planets had to be closer to the star to be in the habitable zone.

The new model has already found that some extrasolar planets previously believed to be in habitable zones may, in fact, not be.

The new model could also help scientists with research that is already under way. For example, the model could be used to see if planets the NASA Kepler mission discovers are within a habitable zone. The Kepler mission has found more than 2,000 potential systems that could be investigated.

The data could assist with a Habitable Zone Planet Finder a team of scientists in Penn State's Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics is building. In 2011, that team received a National Science Foundation grant to develop an instrument to find planets in habitable zones. The precision spectrograph, which is under construction, will help scientists find Earth-sized planets in the Milky Way that could sustain liquid water.

In the future, the model could also be useful for research done with Terrestrial Planet Finder telescopes, which would guide users of the supersized telescopes on where to look.

While in the new model Earth appears to be situated at the very edge of the habitable zone, the model doesn't take into account feedback from clouds, which reflect radiation away from Earth and stabilize the climate.

In addition to Kopparapu, Ramirez and Kasting, researchers on the project are: Vincent Eymet, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux at the Universite de Bordeaux; Tyler D. Robinson and Victoria Meadows, University of Washington; Suvrath Mahadevan, Ryan C. Terrien and Rohit Deshpande, Penn State; and Shawn Domagal-Goldman, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

Support for the research comes from NASA Astrobiology Institute's Virtual Planetary Laboratory. An interactive calculator to estimate Habitable Zones is online: depts.washington.edu/naivpl/content/hz-calculator.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Penn State.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. Ravi kumar Kopparapu, Ramses Ramirez, James F. Kasting, Vincent Eymet, Tyler D. Robinson, Suvrath Mahadevan, Ryan C. Terrien, Shawn Domagal-Goldman, Victoria Meadows, Rohit Deshpande. Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates. Astrophysical Journal, 2013 [link]

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_technology/~3/KA_9W5XyT00/130130132413.htm

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Scientists Discover Dung Beetles Use The Milky Way For GPS

A team of scientists has discovered that dung beetles climb on dung balls and dance around in circles before taking off. This dance is not one of joy, however ? the insects are checking out the sky to get their bearings. Melissa Block and Audie Cornish have more.

Copyright ? 2013 NPR. For personal, noncommercial use only. See Terms of Use. For other uses, prior permission required.

MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:

From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Melissa Block.

AUDIE CORNISH, HOST:

And I'm Audie Cornish. And we have a story now about celestial navigation - that is, looking to the sky for guidance.

BLOCK: But before we get too lofty, this story also happens to be about dung beetles. And so we start with this lowly central unpleasant fact about dung beetles.

ERIC WARRANT: Dung beetles and their grubs eat dung and everything about dung beetles has to do with dung in some form.

BLOCK: That's professor Eric Warrant. He's an Australian professor of zoology teaching at the University of Lund in Sweden.

CORNISH: Five years ago, he and a group of other scientists began studying the remarkable navigational skills of dung beetles. These insects harvest material from a fresh pile of feces in the desert. They shape their bounty into a sphere and roll it away.

WARRANT: They have to get away from the pile of dung as fast as they can and as efficiently as they can because the dung pile is a very, very competitive place with lots and lots of beetles all competing for the same dung. And there's very many lazy beetles that are just waiting around to steal the balls of other industrious beetles and often there are big fights in the dung piles.

BLOCK: That's right - lazy dung beetles. Now, the dung beetles need to plot a direct course or they might accidentally circle back and thus lose a precious dung ball to another beetle.

WARRANT: It's a little bit like kicking the ball back into your own goal posts.

BLOCK: Which means no food to feed the next generation. As you can see, there's a lot riding on the beetles making a beeline to the place they hope to roll their ball.

CORNISH: Beeline it, wrong bug, I think.

BLOCK: Yeah, maybe a beetle line. Anyway, professor Eric Warrant and his colleague have just published conclusion about how the dung beetles keep to a straight path.

WARRANT: What we discovered was that dung beetles can roll their balls of dung in straight lines by using the Milky Way as a compass queue.

BLOCK: The Milky Way, billions of stars that form a white streak across the sky, serve as a guide for these little harvesters of waste. It was understood earlier that both the sun and the moon serve as guides, but no one knew how dung beetles could follow a straight path when the moon isn't out. So at the edge of the Kalahari, professor Warrant and the team built a small arena.

WARRANT: We tested them with and without a little cardboard hat, which we put on top of their head with a piece of tape. And this little cardboard hat effectively blocked out the view of the starry sky. And when we did this, they rolled around and around and around in circles. They couldn't keep a straight path.

BLOCK: The Swedish scientists also tested dung beetles at a planetarium. They altered the star pattern on the ceiling and watched what the beetles did. Without the Milky Way, the beetles could not walk the straight and narrow.

CORNISH: Professor Warrant suspects other creatures also navigate using the Milky Way, but currently only dung beetles are known to do so.

Copyright ? 2013 NPR. All rights reserved. No quotes from the materials contained herein may be used in any media without attribution to NPR. This transcript is provided for personal, noncommercial use only, pursuant to our Terms of Use. Any other use requires NPR's prior permission. Visit our permissions page for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by a contractor for NPR, and accuracy and availability may vary. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Please be aware that the authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio.

Source: http://www.npr.org/2013/01/29/170588505/scientists-discover-dung-beetles-use-the-milky-way-for-gps?ft=1&f=1007

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Grapevine PD: Ratliff's BAC Twice The Legal Limit ? CBS Dallas ...

GRAPEVINE (CBSDFW.COM) ? Grapevine Police have released the results of Jay Ratliff?s blood alcohol test, which show that the Dallas Cowboy had a BAC of .16, or twice the legal limit when arrested on suspicion of DWI.

Ratliff was arrested in the early morning hours on Jan. 22 by Grapevine Police after crashing his 2011 Ford F-150 into an 18-wheeler on East State Hwy 114.?According to the accident report, Ratliff was trying to pass the truck when he struck it and spun out of control, hitting a median protector.

Police say Ratliff refused to take a breathalyzer or submit to a blood draw but failed several roadside sobriety tests and was charged with Driving while intoxicated.? Officers later obtained a warrant to collect a blood sample.

Ratliff bonded out of jail the next morning and has yet to speak with the media.

His arrest comes less than two months after nose tackle Josh Brent was charged with intoxication manslaughter in a crash that killed Cowboys practice squad player Jerry Brown.

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Source: http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2013/01/28/grapevine-pd-ratliffs-bac-twice-the-legal-limit/

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Tear Down the Swing Sets

Imagination Playground in New York

Photograph courtesy of Imagination Playground.

In 1888, the psychologist Stanley Hall published a story about a sand pile. A minor classic, it describes how a group of children created a world out of a single load of sand. These children were diligent, they were imaginative, they were remarkably adult.

More than a century later, at the architect David Rockwell?s Imagination Playground in lower Manhattan, small humans scurry back and forth all day long, carrying Rockwell?s oversized blue foam blocks from self-devised task to self-devised task. These children are intent, they are cooperative, they are resourceful. The scene resembles nothing so much as Stanley Hall?s sand pile?with each grain of sand much bigger and much bluer. (Except for the bits of actual sand, that is.)

More than any playground in recent memory, the Imagination Playground has inspired an outburst of excitement. It?s a hit with the hip parents who take their kids to Dan Zanes concerts, and is just as crowded as one. But it also represents something much more mundane: the triumph of loose parts. After a century of creating playgrounds for children, of drilling swing sets and plastic forts into the ground, we have come back to children creating their own playgrounds. Loose parts?sand, water, blocks?are having a moment.

The resurgence of loose parts is an attempt to put the play back in playgrounds. The late 1960s and early 1970s were a time of exuberant playground design, culminating in the great Richard Dattner adventure playgrounds in New York City. Then the grownups got skittish. Down came the merry-go-rounds and the jungle gyms, and in their place, a landscape of legally-insulated, brightly-colored, spongy-floored, hard-plastic structures took root. Today, walking onto a children?s playground is like exiting the interstate: Regardless of where you are, you see the exact same thing.

A lot of people agree that playgrounds are now too boring, and for years there?s been talk about how we should make them more challenging, more risky. But so far, that talk hasn?t turned into more interesting playgrounds. The most adventurous playgrounds tend to be singular projects, often built through fundraising, for the rich. (A genuine exception is this amazing project in Philadelphia.) ?People talk about making playgrounds more risky,? says Susan Solomon, the author of American Playgrounds, which charts their demise. ?But there?s this sense that if you talk about it, that?s enough. There?s this very real reluctance to get involved in anything that might at least potentially cause an injury.?

In Europe, the assumptions are radically different. Even the head of play safety at England?s Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents?a man whom you?d assume would be paranoid about preventing all accidents?has said that ?children should be exposed to a certain degree of risk, not because an activity is risky per se but because it is fun, exciting, and challenging.?

As the psychologist Ellen Sandseter has pointed out, the American attitude is a fundamental miscalculation of the risks: Kids who are bored stay inside and staying inside is ultimately far worse for your health than a broken arm. Talk about why we can?t have nice playgrounds here typically begins and ends with lawsuits. But potential legal action is too easy an excuse for not rethinking playgrounds, says Darell Hammond, head of the play-promoting nonprofit KaBOOM!. Change ?requires all of us doing something different, not just a few law changes.? In short, it requires all of us to be a little less panicked, and honestly, that?s probably too much to ask, at least in the short term. Which is why loose parts may be the best hope for the future of playgrounds right now.

Rockwell?s playground is still an adventure playground?a construction site with all the splintery edges sanded down. It?s what an adventure playground looks like in a risk-averse culture. And it promotes the kind of play we think children should be doing now: not with just their bodies, but with their minds. The Imagination Playground is a much more cognitive vision of the playground. No one would confuse it with a jungle gym.

Source: http://feeds.slate.com/click.phdo?i=67aa3d62412c8bdd99fffa01295cf58e

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Acer?s $199 Chromebook Now Accounts For 5-10% Of All Of Its U.S. Shipments

Acer's ChromeOS-based?Chromebooks, the company's?president?Jim Wong told Bloomberg today, accounted for "5 percent to 10 percent of Acer's U.S. shipments since being released there in November." Google itself has generally been reluctant to share any information about shipments of devices with its browser-centric Linux-based operating system and we haven't heard any concrete numbers from Samsung, Google's other main Chromebook manufacturer either. Acer currently only offers one Chromebook, the WiFi-only $199 C7 model.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/z5_nu9mVOYI/

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Nissan sells record 4.9 million vehicles globally in 2012

TOKYO (Reuters) - Nissan Motor Co sold a record 4.94 million vehicles globally in 2012, up 5.8 percent from a year ago, Japan's second biggest automaker said on Monday.

In 2011, Nissan sold 4.67 million vehicles globally.

(Reporting by Yoko Kubota; Editing by Mayumi Negishi)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/nissan-sells-record-4-9-million-vehicles-globally-044842358--finance.html

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Health And Sport News ? Blog Archive ? Top Medical Issues in ...

Posted on : 27-01-2013 | By : mary | In : Health Tips

0

With recent advances in women?s sports medicine, girls and women can learn to safely take part in any sport or type of exercise they choose. While some people start getting interested in sports medicine only after they?ve had an injury, you should also learn as much as you can as a preventative measure, so you can avoid problems in the future. Even though each sport has different risks so does each player of that sport which is why it?s so important to make sure you are listening to your body.

Finding a physician who specializes in women?s sports medicine is important for any woman who is going to exercise or participate in sports regularly. Some believe that these doctors are only necessary after an injury, but the fact s that a sports medicine specialist can offer advice to help you prevent injuries. If you have areas that are more problematic for you, such as your knees or back, a sports medicine doctor can give you proper advice on treating and preventing recurrence of these conditions.

If you do have a serious injury, these are the doctors who can suggest the best course of treatment. One thing to consider when choosing a sports medicine physician is whether or not he/she is experienced and respected in his field (a good reputation counts). Men and women are both susceptible to a common sports-related injury like a stress fracture. These are very small breaks in bones, and usually occur from repetitive stress activities, such as running or jumping. These breaks normally occur in the lower half of the body, such as the feet or legs. This problem can also occur in the arms if you engage in repetitive activities such as rowing or pitching. Building up your tolerance and endurance gradually is a great way to prevent this injury when starting a new activity. Make sure to see a doctor promptly if you suspect any kind of fracture.

Nutrition plays a large role in sports medicine, and women can prevent and even reverse many conditions by paying attention to their diets and adding certain supplements. Maintaining bone health is very important for women, so they need to make sure they are getting enough calcium. MSM, glucosamine and chondroitin are normally found together in a formula, are very helpful if you are active. Supplements that are good for your heart and bone health are fish oil capsules. You will have stronger bones by eating a healthy and balanced diet and taking some supplements. The information above gives us a clear picture of the fact that women?s health and sports medicine covers a wide range of conditions. It?s easier to prevent the conditions when you have a greater awareness of them to begin with. If any of these happen to you be sure to seek medical advice rather than getting discouraged. Just take it one day at a time and allowing yourself time to heal.

Source: http://www.metroliners.org/top-medical-issues-in-sports-women-want-to-be-aware-of

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Constance R. Barnhart Attorney at Law Managing Member 30 Years of law practice at large law firms Admitted to Practice Law: FL, NY, TX, MN Languages: English, Spanish, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish Available for Consultation by Appointment Only: 401 East Las Olas Boulevard, Suite 1400 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301 Telephone: (954) 545-4994 CBarnhart@BarnhartLawPLC.com BarnhartLawPLC.com Member: 3CsLawyers.org (See Below).

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How to make your iPhone password stronger

22 hrs.

Thorin Klosowski , Lifehacker

We've?talked before?about using a longer passcode on your iPhone instead of a 4-digit pin, but as the tech blog Digital Inspiration points out, adding in accented characters adds yet another level of security.

The idea is that most people aren't going to bother dealing with accented characters (if you hold down on a letter, the available accented characters show up) when they're trying to guess your password. To use these, you first have to turn on the alphanumeric passcode. Just head into Settings > General > Passcode Lock, and turn off Simple Passcode. You'll be asked to enter in a new password, so throw in a few accented characters. It might make it a bit of a pain to enter in your passcode, but at least it's more secure.

[via Digital Inspiration]

More from Lifehacker:

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/technolog/use-accented-characters-make-your-ios-password-even-stronger-1C8120707

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AP Source: Sen. Chambliss won't seek re-election

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Georgia Sen. Saxby Chambliss will not run for a third term next year, avoiding a likely fight with the tea party for the Republican nomination, a congressional aide said Friday.

Chambliss, 69, has been a GOP loyalist for much of his House and Senate career, but he earned the wrath of some in his party for participating in a bipartisan Senate "Gang of Six" intent on finding a way to reduce the deficit. The group advocated a mix of tax increases, anathema for many in the GOP, and spending cuts. The group failed to reach agreement and produce a bargain.

Although no major Republican candidate had announced a challenge to Chambliss, he was facing the distinct possibility of a tough race.

Chambliss was expected to make a formal announcement. The aide spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not allowed to speak in advance of an official statement.

Chambliss's decision is certain to set off a GOP scramble for the seat.

Rep. Jack Kingston, R-Ga., an 11-term House veteran, said he was considering seeking the seat. Kingston, 57, said his knowledge of defense and agriculture, important issues in Georgia, would help him in a race.

"Regardless of what happens, it's going to be a 10-person race," Kingston said in a telephone interview from Israel, where he was traveling with other lawmakers. "And I think you'll probably have a self-funder in there, and you can have a mad scramble."

Among other potential Republican candidates are four-term Rep. Tom Price from a district north of Atlanta. Pizza mogul Herman Cain, the failed presidential candidate in 2012 and a tea party favorite, may again set his sights on the Senate seat after running in 2004.

Chambliss was first elected to the House in the 1994 Republican wave. He moved up to the Senate after a bruising 2002 campaign in which he defeated Democratic incumbent Max Cleland, a triple amputee from his Vietnam war service.

He was criticized for a slashing campaign against Cleland that included an ad, featuring terrorist mastermind Osama bin Laden and Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, that criticized the Democrat ? a decorated Vietnam War veteran ? for his record on defense and homeland security issues. Even some of Chambliss' fellow Republicans said it went too far.

Guy Cecil, executive director of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, said Democrats will try to win back the seat.

"Georgia will now offer Democrats one of our best pick-up opportunities of the cycle. There are already several reports of the potential for a divisive primary that will push Republicans to the extreme right. Regardless, there's no question that the demographics of the state have changed, and Democrats are gaining strength. This will be a top priority."

Democrats hold a 55-45 advantage in the Senate but will be defending more seats next year ? 20 to the GOP's 13. Democrats will be scrambling to hold onto the seat in GOP-leaning West Virginia, where five-term Democratic Sen. Jay Rockefeller recently announced he would not seek re-election. Republican Rep. Shelley Moore Capito is running for the Senate seat.

Democratic incumbents also face tough re-election races in Arkansas, Louisiana, Montana, North Carolina and Alaska ? all states that went Republican in the last presidential election.

An open seat in Georgia, which has trended Republican, presents a legitimate opportunity for Democrats, especially if the GOP faces a divisive primary. Potential Democratic candidates are conservative Rep. John Barrow, who has survived redistricting in his House races, and Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed.

Other possible Republican candidates are two other House members ? Reps. Paul Broun and Phil Gingrey, both physicians. Broun gained national attention last year when he described evolution as a lie "from the pit of Hell." Gingrey claimed the spotlight earlier this month when he defended controversial statements about abortion made last year by failed Missouri Senate hopeful Todd Akin.

___

Associated Press writers Andrew Taylor and Alan Fram in Washington and Bill Barrow in Atlanta contributed to this report.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ap-source-sen-chambliss-wont-seek-election-153146036--politics.html

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S&P closes above 1,500 for 1st time since 2007

Trader Peter Tuchman, center, works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Friday, Jan. 25, 2013. Stocks are opening higher on Wall Street ahead of what is expected to be more upbeat data on housing from the government. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

Trader Peter Tuchman, center, works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Friday, Jan. 25, 2013. Stocks are opening higher on Wall Street ahead of what is expected to be more upbeat data on housing from the government. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

Trader Michael Zicchinolfi, center, works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Friday, Jan. 25, 2013. Stocks are opening higher on Wall Street ahead of what is expected to be more upbeat data on housing from the government. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

Traders work on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Friday, Jan. 25, 2013. Stocks are opening higher on Wall Street ahead of what is expected to be more upbeat data on housing from the government. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

NEW YORK (AP) ? Passing another milestone on the nation's long journey back from the Great Recession, the Standard and Poor's 500 index closed above 1,500 for the first time in more than five years Friday after a wave of good earnings reports.

It took scores of incremental gains, several stalled rallies and a few sickening falls, but the widely watched S&P, one of the broadest measures of the American stock market, finished at 1,502.96, up 8.14 points. The index had not closed above 1,500 since December 2007, the start of the worst economic downturn since the 1930s.

The news came on top of other hopeful signs that the economy is slowly recovering. Housing is rebounding. Companies are hiring again, albeit slowly, and their earnings, a big driver of stock prices, are at record levels.

"The bottom line is that corporate America is doing exceptionally well," said Joe Tanious, a global market strategist at JPMorgan.

The breakthrough happened on an eighth straight daily gain for stocks, itself a remarkable performance. That is the longest winning streak since November 2004.

Stocks have surged this month, with the S&P advancing 5.4 percent. It jumped at the start of the year when lawmakers reached a last-minute deal to avoid the "fiscal cliff." Signs that Europe has avoided financial collapse also helped.

Stocks fell sharply during the Great Recession. By March 2009, the S&P was 57 percent below its October 2007 peak, a harrowing plunge that scarred a generation of small investors and, some Wall Street experts believe, will keep them away from stocks for years to come.

Since that fall, the market has climbed sharply, though it has endured several big declines. In May 2010, a trading glitch set off a so-called flash crash that sent stocks plummeting. And in August 2011, stocks gyrated like a roller coaster for several days as fears mounted that the U.S. would default on its debts.

On Friday, stocks were helped by earnings from two big companies. Procter & Gamble, the world's largest consumer products maker, rose $2.83 to $73.25 after reporting that its quarterly income more than doubled. P&G also raised its profit forecast for its full fiscal year. Starbucks climbed $2.24 to $56.81 after reporting a 13 percent increase in profits.

The Dow Jones industrial average closed at 13,895.98, up 70.65 points. The Dow is up 6 percent on the year.

The Nasdaq composite gained 19.33 points to 3,149.71.

The Dow is now just 268 points below its record high of 14,165, reached on Oct. 9, 2007, two month before the recession began. The Dow has more than doubled since its recession low of 6,547 on March 9, 2009.

The S&P 500 is 62 points shy of its record of 1,565, reached on the same day the Dow hit its peak. The S&P has also more than doubled from its low of 676, which happened on the same day the Dow bottomed out in 2009.

JPMorgan's Tanious expects stocks to go even higher. He says corporate earnings should grow at about 5 percent over the next year or two, and stock valuations will rise. Currently, the S&P 500 is trading at an average price-to-earnings ratio of 14, below an average of 15.1 for the last decade, according to FactSet data.

On Friday, Apple continued to decline, allowing Exxon Mobil to once again surpass the electronics giant as the world's most valuable publicly traded company. Apple fell 2.4 percent to $439.88, following a 12 percent drop on Thursday, the biggest one-day percentage decline for the company since 2008, after Apple forecast slower sales. The stock is now 37 percent below the record high of $702.10 it reached Sept. 19.

Apple first surpassed Exxon in market value in the summer of 2011, grabbing a title Exxon had held since 2005. The two traded places through that fall, until Apple surpassed Exxon in early 2012.

Not everyone on Wall Street thought the S&P milestone was worth celebrating. Some noted the stock market is more a reflection of how traders feel than a reflection of underlying fundamentals.

"It's not a landmark that we really follow or that we really care about," said Derrick Irwin, portfolio manager for Wells Fargo Advantage Funds. "Focusing on the benchmarks can end up shooting you in the foot, as we've seen."

Some of the rise may also be due to investing stock market momentum. A rule of thumb is that when a stock price or an overall index gets tantalizingly close to a milestone, as the S&P has been for days now, it's almost certain to cross that milestone, at least temporarily.

"Sure, it's a good thing," said Christian Bertelsen, chief investment officer of Global Financial Private Capital in Sarasota, Fla. "But I wouldn't read too much into it."

Still, Deutsche Bank analysts raised their year-end target for the index to 1,600 from 1,575.

Companies will be able to maintain their earnings even if lawmakers in Washington decide to implement wide-ranging spending cuts to narrow the budget deficit, the analysts said in a note sent to clients late Thursday.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury note, which moves inversely to its price, climbed 11 basis points to 1.95 percent.

Among other stocks making big moves.

? Halliburton gained $1.91 to $39.72 after posting a loss that was smaller than analysts had expected. The oilfield-services company said fourth-quarter profits declined 26 percent to $669 million on increasing pricing pressure in the North American market and one-time charges from the Deepwater Horizon disaster. Wall Street had expected worse.

? Hasbro fell $1.14 to $37.31 after the toy maker said its fourth-quarter revenue failed to meet expectations because of poor demand over the holidays. The company plans to cut about 10 percent of its workforce and consolidate facilities to cut expenses.

? Green Mountain Coffee Roasters rose $2.53 to $46.31 after an analyst noted that sales of a competing coffee brewer introduced by Starbucks were getting off to a weak start.

__

AP Business Writer Christina Rexrode contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-01-25-Wall%20Street/id-679aaf00b9074b199b332f1723a1fb06

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Traditional Animation - Everything 2d! - Tom Bancroft Interview ...

Tom Bancroft is a world renowned artist, director, traditional animator, author, and mentor. His credits include Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, The Lion King, Mulan, Tarzan, and many more. He has authored instructional books on character design and animation, and he also has his own hit comic called ?Outnumbered.? In this interview we learn about his past achievements, present ventures and future endeavors.

Why did you decide to start teaching online classes??

TOM: I?ve toyed with the idea of an online- or even brick and mortar- animation/art program for years. I have a real love/hate relationship with art schools. I love them in concept but hate the politics/ economics/ greed/ lack of talent that get in the way of them being good places to learn the art of drawing. What has stopped me in the past is time and the desire to continue to do my own art. I don?t want to retire and be a teacher. So, my two character design books fed my need to share the principles I?ve learned from my experience at Disney and elsewhere. My newest book, CHARACTER MENTOR, is all about learning via mentorship from an experienced Journeyman in your chosen field. The live workshops grew from that since they were something I could manage in my ?extra? time, but still could touch as many people as possible.

Now that you have done a few classes, what have you learned or enjoy most about the classes?

The interactivity of them. I?ve really pushed to do LIVE workshops because I love the idea of building a sense of community amongst the group attending. We have many regulars that attend every time- probably around 50- with others coming and going. That core starts to build bonds and learn from each other, not just me. This is the heart of mentorship, learning from experienced artists and your peers alike. We are relooking at how to move forward with the live events because there is a lack of security in the Livestream format. We end up with many Looky-loos that attend without paying and that?s not fair to those that do. I haven?t given up on the LIVE aspect yet though.

Can you tell us what your new book ?Character Mentor? is about??

I look at it as a continuation of the first book, ?Creating Characters with Personality?. That book starts people off with the fundamentals of how to design a character. Character Mentor assumes you have a character, now what do you do with it? I concentrate on the three aspects of bringing your character to life: expressions, posing, and staging. I chose to use the ?mentorship? concept to illustrate these lessons. I gave out ?assignments? to artists online and reproduced a few of the results, and then I went over them giving instructions on ways they could be improved.

Can you tell us about your animation schooling at Calarts, what did you learn that helped you in your career??

Everything. Cal Arts was a great experience, but it was all too short. My brother and I couldn?t afford to go for all four years, so when Disney came looking for interns half way into our second year, we jumped at the chance and were accepted into the internship. I loved learning on the job, but I am a bit jealous of those that took the time at Cal Arts to experiment and make films like I would have liked to do. Three of the highlights of my Cal Arts schooling were: 1) the Character Design class taught by the talented Mike Giamo (who later became the art director of POCAHONTAS), a brief, semester long class on storyboarding taught by the late Joe Ranft, and the couple times Glen Keane came to the school to lecture about animation to the upper classman. We freshmen would sit along the balcony and listen in. Glen is both the best animator and the best teacher in the world, in my opinion!

When you started at Disney which artists mentored you?

My very first mentor was during our 9-week internship at the Disney CA studio and his name was Leon Joosen. Leon was one of the animators animating Ariel on the Little Mermaid at the time, so it was awesome seeing him work on the film. Even in that brief time together, I found that we had a similar, organic approach to animation. After that, I went to help open the Disney Florida studio and I was teamed up with Mark Henn as his Assistant Animator. This was a clean up position but I learned a ton about how he approached animation and concepts like timing charts. I wanted to be an animator badly and he knew it so he was very free with his lessons on animation and would often ask me what I thought of his first rough passes. I was always favorable, of course. Blown away was usually how I felt when seeing his first, scribble passes but I tried not to be too much of an animation fanboy with Mark. Mark was my main mentor throughout my career at Disney, especially when I moved into animation on Beauty and the Beast and Aladdin. We worked even closer together on The Lion King when I was put in his Young Simba unit. Not everyone knows that Mark, besides being one of the top 5 animators for quality animation was also THE fastest animator. He would regularly produce more footage than about three animators put together! This made being in his unit on Simba tough, because there were not that many good scenes left to be done as he plowed through everything. Still, he gave me a few gems. Even when I became a supervising animator on Mushu, I would ask Mark?s opinion on things like dialogue and such. He is a modern master!

You started your internship at Disney during Little Mermaid; do you remember the first scene you worked on??

Unfortunately, as an intern at Disney you didn?t get to work on production. It?s still heartbreaking to have been around The Little Mermaid and not to have been able to say I worked on it. I have many fond memories of going to screenings of the first rough passes of the film and being enthralled with the process and film. The closest I got to Mermaid was working in clean up on the McDonalds Happy Meal commercial with her and Scuttle in it. It was one of the first projects we did in the new Florida studio. Mark Henn animated most all of it.

Did you help in the design of Mushu being the supervising animator??

For whatever reason, Disney does not like to let the Supervising Animators lay claim (at least in the credits of the film) on designing their characters. That said, I did design Mushu. There were development people, storyboard artists, and others like Peter De?Seve that did some versions of Mushu, but I did the final version. Along with many, many other versions that didn?t make it. I guess in the end, no ONE person designs a character (usually) in a Disney film. Still, I wish I could have been listed as A character designer in the credits since I was one. It was almost a year process to design Mushu, but much of that time was also spent making experimental animation tests also.

After Disney closed their doors in Florida in 2004, why did you make the move to Tennessee??

It became a ?why not? kind of decision. I had left Disney just after Brother Bear (since there were no new positions on the soon to be canceled ?A Few Good Ghosts) so I started my company, Funnypages Productions, out of my house in Florida for a year. I was doing all kinds of freelance including animation and lots of book illustration and marketing art for Disney among others. I realized very quickly that I could live anywhere and work via the internet, so we started looking around and decided on Franklin, TN since I had heard of it when I was working in Chicago (for Big Idea Productions) briefly in 2000. Big Idea had a small office in Franklin and I would hear great things about how small town it was. My wife and I visited and fell in love with it and have been here for the last 9 years now.

Are you currently working on any personal traditionally animated projects??

No, I?m not. But its not like I haven?t thought about it many times. I haven?t animated much at all in the last 9 years and haven?t animated at all in the last 3 or 4. So, it?s a bit intimidating to think about jumping back in but I sure miss it. My twin brother, Tony, still animates freelance regularly which keeps me thinking I want to jump back in. Still, I?m pretty complete if I never get the opportunity to animate again because I really enjoy this phase of life teaching, designing characters, and creating original stories of my own. Animation is very time consuming and the older I get the less time I feel I have to put into projects.

Lastly, what about Traditional Animation is Special to you?

Traditional Animation will always be an amazing, crazy, fantastic art form. It is still done in basically the same way as it was when it was first invented! How many forms of entertainment/business/art can you say that about? The crazy part of it is the fact that you are literally drawing every movement in slow motion, over and over again. It can be maddening to think about, which is why I never counted frames. I just started at the beginning and would keep going till I got to the end. The most special part of Traditional Animation to me is the people that do it. I think 2D animators are some of the best artists in the world. You have to know so much and have so much experience in such a wide area of subjects to be able to be a competent animator that it makes you an artist that can rival the Masters of Old. We may not paint, but we can create magic with a pencil that very few in the world can do. That?s the magic and I?m proud that I had a small part of Traditional Animation?s history.

Thanks Tom for the great interview! The following is more information about his Character Mentor Workshops.

---

LIVE Character Mentor Workshop #6 with Tom Bancroft

Subject: ?Character Performance?
LIVE webcast on Tuesday, January 29, 2013 at 7:00 PM CENTRAL time zone (5:00PM PACIFIC/ 8:00PM EASTERN)

CHARACTER PERFORMANCE is job one as an animator/storyteller. Giving your character a personality that you clearly communicate is the basis of all acting in animation. With a character that ACTS, animation (movement) is secondary to establishing the personality of the character through its design, poses, expression and clear staging. This subject will be discussed with many illustrations and reference. Assignment draw over/ review will happen after the lecture.

Come be part of the community of artists trying to make their characters the best they can be!

PLUS: a preview of Tom Bancroft?s new Kickstarter comic project coming in FEB!

Some Q and A at the end moderated by Taylor. Email questions ahead of time to taylor@charactermentorstudio.com

This week?s (optional) assignment:

Create a sketch (no color or inking needed please) using the character design of EMMA here: http://tombancroft.deviantart.com/gallery/?q=emma#/d34lciv
Draw a full body pose of Emma looking at something in her hand. -The goal here is to create a clear pose and expression that tells a clear story. Is she scared of what she is holding? Fascinated? Enamored? Mad? Draw it big enough so we can see her face, but remember that her body language should push the attitude.
I am looking forward to seeing what you come up with!

Please make HIGH RESOLUTION scans at 300dpi and save them as jpegs. Make sure your first and last name is part of the file name. (Example: JohnSmith.jpg). I would prefer if your email was somewhere on the artwork also. The reason is that I am preparing a future book and I may ask to use some of these contributions at a later date. Email those scans to info@charactermentorstudio.com

PLEASE GO TO www.CharacterMentorStudio.com for more information and links to sign up.

IMPORTANT:
We will contact you within an hour or two of the workshop webcast with an email that will contain the link to the email account you have on file with PayPal. PayPal will send you an email that will state we received your payment. PAYMENT and Registration for the workshop ENDS TWO HOURS BEFORE THE EVENT!

Source: http://www.traditionalanimation.com/2013/tom-bancroft-interview-character-mentor-workshops/

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Seth MacFarlane Takes A Stab At 'Psycho' In Oscars Promo

In the weeks leading up to his gig as the host of the Academy Awards, it seems that Seth MacFarlane is getting in some practice spoofing classic films ahead of his big night. The latest Oscars promo puts a spin on the iconic shower scene from Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho." MacFarlane, obviously, is the annoyed next [...]

Source: http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2013/01/25/seth-macfarlane-oscars-promo-psycho/

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The Phil Mickelson effect: Do millionaires flee states with high taxes?

Golfer Phil Mickelson said he might move to Florida after California raised tax rates on the wealthy. Studies looking into tax flight have come to mixed conclusions.

By Daniel B. Wood,?Staff writer / January 24, 2013

Phil Mickelson listens to a question about comments he made regarding taxes at a news conference held after his round in the pro-am at the Farmers Insurance Open golf tournament at Torrey Pines Wednesday in San Diego.

Denis Poroy/AP

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The question of whether millionaires move to other states to avoid taxes is being asked afresh here in California after golfer Phil Mickelson, the world?s seventh-richest athlete, said he may move to Florida. A new state tax hike touted by Gov. Jerry Brown (D) will push his total state and federal tax rate to over 60 percent.

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Republicans are lining up to say, ?I told you so.?

"Sixty percent of your income? I don't think so," said state Assembly Republican leader Connie Conway. "The man has a family. He has a business to run. He is a business. Sixty percent of income goes way beyond fair share.?

She told the Associated Press that Mr. Mickelson?s exit ?will be the first of many.?

Studies paint an inconclusive picture.

One, released in November by Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality, finds no significant evidence of millionaires fleeing a state when their state tax rate rises. " 'Millionaire migration' is simply a myth," it states.

Another, released in 2011 by the New Jersey Treasury Department, found that higher tax rates had an effect on migration, though not enough to offset the revenue gains from the higher taxes. But migration losses "would cumulate over time," it concluded. "Our analysis of the New Jersey 2004 'millionaires? tax' suggests that over time migration effects could offset a meaningful share of the revenue boost."

"Additionally, out-migration associated with higher income taxes will likely diminish other streams of state revenue, such as corporate tax, sales tax, and property tax, as well as degrade a state?s overall economic performance, in turn associated with further out-migration," the authors wrote.

The issue is a politically sensitive one for California. In November, state voters passed Proposition 30, which raises tax rates 1 to 3 percent for those making more than $250,000 a year. The initiative is integral to California's new budget, which shows a surplus. But along with Washington's "fiscal cliff" solution ? which also will raise taxes on the rich ? there are questions about how California's millionaires will respond.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/OajJwzeAWo0/The-Phil-Mickelson-effect-Do-millionaires-flee-states-with-high-taxes

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